Journal Description
Nutrients
Nutrients
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal of human nutrition published semimonthly online by MDPI. The Asia Pacific Nutrigenomics Nutrigenetics Organisation (APNNO), Italian Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SIGENP), Nutrition Society of New Zealand (NSNZ), Ocular Wellness & Nutrition Society (OWNS) and others are affiliated with Nutrients and their members receive a discount on article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, MEDLINE, PMC, Embase, PubAg, AGRIS, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Nutrition & Dietetics) / CiteScore - Q1 (Nutrition and Dietetics)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 14.5 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.4 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Companion journal: Dietetics
Impact Factor:
5.9 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
6.6 (2022)
Latest Articles
Bifidobacterium adolescentis SBT2786 Improves Sleep Quality in Japanese Adults with Relatively High Levels of Stress: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1702; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111702 (registering DOI) - 30 May 2024
Abstract
Sleep disorders associated with lifestyle changes and unhealthy habits are major public health concerns. Our previous study showed that Bifidobacterium adolescentis SBT2786 has a potent sleep-promoting effect on fruit flies. Fruit flies share many similarities with mammals, making them suitable model organisms for
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Sleep disorders associated with lifestyle changes and unhealthy habits are major public health concerns. Our previous study showed that Bifidobacterium adolescentis SBT2786 has a potent sleep-promoting effect on fruit flies. Fruit flies share many similarities with mammals, making them suitable model organisms for studying sleep. Thus, in the present study, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to test whether SBT2786 has sleep-enhancing effects in humans. In this study, 61 participants in the SBT2786 group and 65 participants in the placebo group were analyzed. The results showed that SBT2786 increased sleep time; however, it predominantly increased light sleep and did not improve subjective sleep quality. Interestingly, mood improvement was observed. A subgroup analysis was conducted on participants with high stress levels, and results showed that these participants experienced an increase in sleep duration and an improvement in sleepiness upon waking up and reported feeling well-rested during the day. We concluded that SBT2786 may improve sleep quality, particularly in individuals experiencing high levels of stress, and that SBT2786 can be used as a dietary supplement to improve sleep and mood.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Associations between Sleep, Nutrition, and Health)
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Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) Improved Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Characteristics and Microbiota and Did Not Affect Organ Fibrosis Induced by a Fructose-Enriched Diet in Wistar Male Rats
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Nicole Fakhoury-Sayegh, Aya Hamdan, Sarah Lebbos, Tarek Itani, Viviane Trak-Smayra, Aline Khazzaka, Carole Dagher-Hamalian, Lea Nicole Sayegh, May Mallah, Omar Obeid and Raymond Sayegh
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1701; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111701 (registering DOI) - 30 May 2024
Abstract
Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) is reported to play a role in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and intestinal microbiota (IM). To study spirulina’s effects in the improvement of NAFLD characteristics, IM, and pancreatic–renal lesions induced by a fructose-enriched diet, 40 Wistar
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Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) is reported to play a role in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and intestinal microbiota (IM). To study spirulina’s effects in the improvement of NAFLD characteristics, IM, and pancreatic–renal lesions induced by a fructose-enriched diet, 40 Wistar healthy male rats, weighing 200–250 g, were randomly divided into four groups of 10, and each rat per group was assigned a diet of equal quantities (20 g/day) for 18 weeks. The first control group (CT) was fed a standardized diet, the second group received a 40% fructose-enriched diet (HFr), and the third (HFr-S5) and fourth groups (HFr-S10) were assigned the same diet composition as the second group but enriched with 5% and 10% spirulina, respectively. At week 18, the HFr-S10 group maintained its level of serum triglycerides and had the lowest liver fat between the groups. At the phylae and family level, and for the same period, the HFr-S10 group had the lowest increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the Ruminococcaceae and the highest fecal alpha diversity compared to all other groups (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that at a 10% concentration, spirulina could be used in nutritional intervention to improve IM, fatty liver, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters associated with NAFLD.
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(This article belongs to the Section Phytochemicals and Human Health)
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Open AccessArticle
The Impact of Sustainability Courses: Are They Effective in Improving Diet Quality and Anthropometric Indices?
by
Çağla Pınarlı Falakacılar and Sevinç Yücecan
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1700; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111700 (registering DOI) - 30 May 2024
Abstract
There are studies on the effect of general nutrition education on diet quality and anthropometric measurements, while studies showing the effectiveness of sustainable nutrition education, which also addresses the effect of food on the environment, are quite limited. This study aimed to investigate
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There are studies on the effect of general nutrition education on diet quality and anthropometric measurements, while studies showing the effectiveness of sustainable nutrition education, which also addresses the effect of food on the environment, are quite limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sustainable nutrition education on diet quality, anthropometric measurements, and the carbon footprint (CFP) and water footprint (WFP) of diet. A total of 160 university students received 1 h of sustainable nutrition education for 6 weeks. Before, at the end of, and 2 months after the courses, 24 h food consumption records were taken to assess diet quality and CFP and WFP values of diet, and Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020 scores were evaluated. The results of the study showed that sustainable nutrition education increased MedDiet score by 1.86 points and HEI-2020 score by 7.38 points. This education program also decreased body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and neck circumference. Sustainability education has a positive impact on calcium, potassium, and magnesium intakes, a negative impact on vitamin B12 and zinc intakes, and no effect on total protein intake. Education resulted in a 22% reduction in CFP and a 10% reduction in WFP.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutritional Policies and Education for Health Promotion)
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Open AccessArticle
Astragalus Polysaccharide Modulates the Gut Microbiota and Metabolites of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in an In Vitro Fermentation Model
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Xin Zhang, Lina Jia, Qian Ma, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Mian Chen, Fei Liu, Tongcun Zhang, Weiguo Jia, Liying Zhu, Wei Qi and Nan Wang
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1698; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111698 (registering DOI) - 30 May 2024
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of astragalus polysaccharide (APS, an ingredient with hypoglycemic function in a traditional Chinese herbal medicine) on gut microbiota and metabolites of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using a simulated fermentation model in vitro. The main components of
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This study investigated the effect of astragalus polysaccharide (APS, an ingredient with hypoglycemic function in a traditional Chinese herbal medicine) on gut microbiota and metabolites of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using a simulated fermentation model in vitro. The main components of APS were isolated, purified, and structure characterized. APS fermentation was found to increase the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decrease the Escherichia-Shigella level in the fecal microbiota of T2DM patients. Apart from increasing propionic acid, APS also caused an increase in all-trans-retinoic acid and thiamine (both have antioxidant properties), with their enrichment in the KEGG pathway associated with thiamine metabolism, etc. Notably, APS could also enhance fecal antioxidant properties. Correlation analysis confirmed a significant positive correlation of Lactobacillus with thiamine and DPPH-clearance rate, suggesting the antioxidant activity of APS was related to its ability to enrich some specific bacteria and upregulate their metabolites.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Diabetes)
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High-Protein Processed Foods: Impact on Diet, Nutritional Status, and Possible Effects on Health
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Rosa M. Ortega, Nerea Arribas-López, María Dolores Salas-González, Aránzazu Aparicio, Liliana Guadalupe González-Rodríguez, Laura M. Bermejo, María Del Carmen Lozano-Estevan, Esther Cuadrado-Soto, Ana M. López-Sobaler and Viviana Loria-Kohen
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1697; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111697 (registering DOI) - 30 May 2024
Abstract
Proteins are macronutrients with multiple health benefits, but excessive consumption can negatively affect health. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of a sample of high-protein processed foods (HPPFs), describe how their consumption affects dietary balance, and acquire knowledge of the consumption patterns
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Proteins are macronutrients with multiple health benefits, but excessive consumption can negatively affect health. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of a sample of high-protein processed foods (HPPFs), describe how their consumption affects dietary balance, and acquire knowledge of the consumption patterns of these products in a Spanish population. A sample of HPPFs available in supermarkets and on websites was collected. The contribution to recommended protein intakes was calculated using national and international references and considering the single consumption of the HPPFs and the product plus 150 g of meat. Furthermore, an online survey was conducted among a convenience sample. A total of 36 enriched protein products were evaluated. The percentage of proteins in these products ranges from 10 to 88%. The contribution of the protein recommended intake was within a range of 87.4–306.6% and 66.4–232.8% (women and men, respectively), only considering the additional proteins from 150 g of meat. One hundred thirty-nine participants completed the survey; 67.6% affirmed that they had consumed HPPFs, and half consumed them without following any consumption control. Since these products are accessible to everyone in supermarkets and protein intake is generally higher than the recommended limits, regulating the mass sale of HPPFs is essential to ensure they do not lead to protein overconsumption.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Screening and Assessment of Different Populations)
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Nutritional Support in Malnourished Outpatients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
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Valerie Conway, Craig Hukins, Stacey Sharp and Peter F. Collins
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1696; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111696 (registering DOI) - 30 May 2024
Abstract
(1) Background: The evidence for nutritional support in COPD is almost entirely based on ready-to-drink oral nutritional supplements (ONSs). This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of powdered ONSs alongside individualized dietary counseling in the management of malnutrition. (2) Methods: Malnourished outpatients with
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(1) Background: The evidence for nutritional support in COPD is almost entirely based on ready-to-drink oral nutritional supplements (ONSs). This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of powdered ONSs alongside individualized dietary counseling in the management of malnutrition. (2) Methods: Malnourished outpatients with COPD were randomized to receive either routine care (Group A: counseling + recommended to purchase powdered ONSs) or an enhanced intervention (Group B: counseling + provision of powdered ONSs at no cost to the patient) for 12 weeks. Outcomes of interest were nutritional intake, weight status, and quality of life. (3) Results: A total of 33 outpatients were included, categorized as follows: Group A (n = 21); Group B (n = 12); severely malnourished (n = 9), moderately malnourished (n = 24), mean BMI 18.0 SD 2.5 kg/m2. No differences were observed between groups at baseline or at week 12; however, analysis of the whole cohort (Group A + B) revealed nutrition intervention resulted in significant improvements in protein intake (+25.4 SD 53.4 g/d; p = 0.040), weight (+1.1 SD 2.6 kg; p = 0.032) and quality of life (−4.4 SD 10.0; p = 0.040). Only 41.2% of Group A and 58.3% of Group B reported consuming ONSs at week 12. Adherence to ONSs was associated with weight gain (+1.9 SD 2.5 kg vs. +0.4 SD 2.5 kg; p = 0.098). (4) Conclusions: Nutritional support results in significant improvements in nutrition status and quality of life in malnourished outpatients with COPD. However, improvements are associated with adherence to ONSs, suggesting the type of ONSs and how they are provided are important considerations in clinical practice and future studies.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Lung Disease)
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Insights into the Mechanisms of Action of Akkermansia muciniphila in the Treatment of Non-Communicable Diseases
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Honorata Mruk-Mazurkiewicz, Monika Kulaszyńska, Wiktoria Czarnecka, Albert Podkówka, Natalia Ekstedt, Piotr Zawodny, Anna Wierzbicka-Woś, Wojciech Marlicz, Błażej Skupin, Ewa Stachowska, Igor Łoniewski and Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1695; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111695 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
This comprehensive review delineates the extensive roles of Akkermansia muciniphila in various health domains, spanning from metabolic and inflammatory diseases to neurodegenerative disorders. A. muciniphila, known for its ability to reside in the mucous layer of the intestine, plays a pivotal role
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This comprehensive review delineates the extensive roles of Akkermansia muciniphila in various health domains, spanning from metabolic and inflammatory diseases to neurodegenerative disorders. A. muciniphila, known for its ability to reside in the mucous layer of the intestine, plays a pivotal role in maintaining gut integrity and interacting with host metabolic processes. Its influence extends to modulating immune responses and potentially easing symptoms across several non-communicable diseases, including obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Recent studies highlight its capacity to interact with the gut–brain axis, suggesting a possible impact on neuropsychiatric conditions. Despite the promising therapeutic potential of A. muciniphila highlighted in animal and preliminary human studies, challenges remain in its practical application due to stability and cultivation issues. However, the development of pasteurized forms and synthetic mediums offers new avenues for its use in clinical settings, as recognized by regulatory bodies like the European Food Safety Authority. This narrative review serves as a crucial resource for understanding the broad implications of A. muciniphila across different health conditions and its potential integration into therapeutic strategies.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Prebiotics and Probiotics)
Open AccessArticle
Assessment of Vitamin Concentrations in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis and Their Relationships with Thyroid Function, Biochemical Status, and Anthropometric Parameters—A Preliminary Study
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Aniceta Ada Mikulska-Sauermann, Matylda Resztak, Marta Karaźniewicz-Łada, Dorota Filipowicz, Marek Ruchała and Franciszek K. Główka
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1694; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111694 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the leading cause of hypothyroidism, affecting mainly the female population. Many patients with HT have metabolic disorders and nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate vitamin D, A, E, B2, and B6 concentrations, thyroid function, metabolic
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Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the leading cause of hypothyroidism, affecting mainly the female population. Many patients with HT have metabolic disorders and nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to evaluate vitamin D, A, E, B2, and B6 concentrations, thyroid function, metabolic profile, and anthropometric parameters of patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. In 81 female patients with HT (study group), vitamin A and B2 concentrations were significantly lower than in 34 healthy women (control group). No differences were noted in vitamin D, E, and B6 concentrations between groups. Moreover, HT patients had similar anthropometric parameters, lipid profiles, and glucose and insulin concentrations compared to controls. This study showed some relationships between vitamin concentrations and anthropometric or biochemical profiles in HT patients. Among others, in the HT group, the concentration of vitamin D was positively correlated with the level of HDL and negatively correlated with BMI, total fat mass, and insulin level, which influence cardiovascular risk. The results indicate that patients with HT should be routinely tested for vitamin concentrations to prevent nutritional deficiencies. Further studies are also needed on the role of vitamins in the development and progression of HT and the presence of metabolic complications in this population.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Natural Compounds in Autoimmune Diseases)
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Chemical Compositions before and after Lactic Acid Fermentation of Isoflavone-Enriched Soybean Leaves and their Anti-Obesity and Gut Microbiota Distribution Effects
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Hee-Yul Lee, Du-Yong Cho, Jong-Bin Jeong, Ji-Ho Lee, Ga-Young Lee, Mu-Yeun Jang, Jin-Hwan Lee and Kye-Man Cho
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1693; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111693 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
In this study, we prepared fermented products of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (IESLs) and analyzed their nutrients, isoflavones, anti-obesity efficacy, and effects on gut microbiota. Fermented IESLs (FIESLs) were found to be rich in nutrients, especially lauric acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. In
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In this study, we prepared fermented products of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves (IESLs) and analyzed their nutrients, isoflavones, anti-obesity efficacy, and effects on gut microbiota. Fermented IESLs (FIESLs) were found to be rich in nutrients, especially lauric acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. In addition, the concentrations of most essential free amino acids were increased compared to those of IESLs. The contents of bioactive compounds, such as total phenolic, total flavonoid, daidzein, and genistein, significantly increased as well. In addition, FIESLs administration in a high-fat diet (HFD) animal model improved the final body weight, epididymal fat, total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, blood glucose, and leptin levels, as well as reverting microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, these findings indicate that FIESLs have the potential to inhibit obesity caused by HFDs and serve as a modulator of gut microbiota, offering the prevention of diet-induced gut dysbiosis and metabolite diseases associated with obesity.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Phytochemicals and Human Health)
Open AccessSystematic Review
Effects of Garlic on Glucose Parameters and Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Randomized Controlled Trials
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Xinyu Zhao, Tao Cheng, Hui Xia, Yanhong Yang and Shaokang Wang
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1692; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111692 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
(1) Background: The effect of garlic on glucose and lipid metabolism in humans remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of garlic on blood lipid levels and glucose levels in humans through a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2)
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(1) Background: The effect of garlic on glucose and lipid metabolism in humans remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of garlic on blood lipid levels and glucose levels in humans through a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2) Methods: We extensively searched four databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, up to February 2024. To assess the collective impact of garlic and its supplements on fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), an analysis was conducted using a random effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed when I2 < 50%. (3) Result: We found that the garlic intervention was effective in controlling FBG (mean difference = −7.01; 95% CI: −8.53, −5.49, p < 0.001), HbA1c (mean deviation = −0.66; 95% CI: −0.76, −0.55, p < 0.001, I2 = 62.9%), TC (mean difference = −14.17; 95% CI: −19.31, −9.03, p < 0.001), and LDL-C (mean difference = −8.20; 95% CI: −15.58, −0.81, p = 0.03); moreover, it also increased the level of HDL-C in humans (mean difference = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.54, 2.59; p < 0.001). Nonetheless, the intervention involving garlic did not yield a substantial impact on triglyceride (TG) levels. (4) Conclusion: The intervention of garlic is beneficial to control blood glucose and blood lipids in humans.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Metabolism)
Open AccessArticle
The Effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup on Glucose Metabolism, Gut Microbiota, and Their Metabolites in Type 2 Diabetic Mice
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Chao Zhang, Bing Fang, Nana Zhang, Qi Zhang, Tianjiao Niu, Liang Zhao, Erna Sun, Jian Wang, Ran Xiao, Jingjing He, Shusen Li, Juan Chen, Jie Guo, Wei Xiong and Ran Wang
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1691; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111691 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Probiotics have garnered increasing attention as a potential therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have confirmed that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup) could stimulate the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in NCI-H716 cells, but whether MN-Gup has a
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Probiotics have garnered increasing attention as a potential therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have confirmed that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup) could stimulate the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in NCI-H716 cells, but whether MN-Gup has a hypoglycemic effect on T2DM in vivo remains unclear. In this study, a T2DM mouse model was constructed, with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin in mice, to investigate the effect of MN-Gup on diabetes. Then, different doses of MN-Gup (2 × 109 CFU/kg, 1 × 1010 CFU/kg) were gavaged for 6 weeks to investigate the effect of MN-Gup on glucose metabolism and its potential mechanisms. The results showed that a high-dose of MN-Gup significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of T2DM mice compared to the other groups. In addition, there were significant increases in the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially acetate, and GLP-1 levels in the MN-Gup group. MN-Gup increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and decreased the number of Escherichia-Shigella and Staphylococcus. Moreover, the correlation analysis revealed that Bifidobacterium demonstrated a significant positive correlation with GLP-1 and a negative correlation with the incremental AUC. In summary, this study demonstrates that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup has significant hypoglycemic effects in T2DM mice and can modulate the gut microbiota, promoting the secretion of SCFAs and GLP-1.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeting the Gut Microbiota in Metabolic Disease)
Open AccessArticle
What Is the Tech Missing? Nutrition Reporting in Type 1 Diabetes
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Nicole Lubasinski, Hood Thabit, Paul W. Nutter and Simon Harper
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1690; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111690 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) presents self-management challenges, requiring an additional 180 daily decisions to regulate blood glucose (BG) levels. Despite the potential, T1D-focused applications have a 43% attrition rate. This work delves into the willingness of people living with T1D (PwT1D) to
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Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) presents self-management challenges, requiring an additional 180 daily decisions to regulate blood glucose (BG) levels. Despite the potential, T1D-focused applications have a 43% attrition rate. This work delves into the willingness of people living with T1D (PwT1D) to use technology. Method: An online questionnaire investigated the current practices for carbohydrate estimation, nutritional tracking, and attitudes towards technology engagement, along with hypothetical scenarios and preferences regarding technology use. Results: Thirty-nine responses were collected from PwT1D (n = 33) and caregivers (n = 6). Nutrition reporting preferences varied, with 50% favoring ‘type and scroll’ while 30% preferred meal photographing. Concerning the timing of reporting, 33% reported before meals, 55% after, and 12% at a later time. Improved Time in Range (TIR) was a strong motivator for app use, with 78% expressing readiness to adjust insulin doses based on app suggestions for optimizing TIR. Meal descriptions varied; a single word was used in 42% of cases, 23% used a simple description (i.e., “Sunday dinner”), 30% included portion sizes, and 8% provided full recipes. Conclusion: PwT1D shows interest in using technology to reduce the diabetes burden when it leads to an improved TIR. For such technology to be ecologically valid, it needs to strike a balance between requiring minimal user input and providing significant data, such as meal tags, to ensure accurate blood glucose management without overwhelming users with reporting tasks.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Diabetes)
Open AccessArticle
Effect of Holder Pasteurization, Mode of Delivery, and Infant’s Gender on Fatty Acid Composition of Donor Breast Milk
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Réka Anna Vass, Miaomiao Zhang, Livia Simon Sarkadi, Márta Üveges, Judit Tormási, Eszter L. Benes, Tibor Ertl and Sandor G. Vari
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1689; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111689 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Breast milk (BM) plays a crucial role in providing essential fatty acids (FA) and energy for the growing infant. When the mother’s own BM is not available, nutritional recommendations suggest donor milk (DM) in clinical and home practices. BM was collected from a
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Breast milk (BM) plays a crucial role in providing essential fatty acids (FA) and energy for the growing infant. When the mother’s own BM is not available, nutritional recommendations suggest donor milk (DM) in clinical and home practices. BM was collected from a variety of donor mothers in different lactation stages. Holder pasteurization (HoP) eliminates potential contaminants to ensure safety. FA content of BM samples from the Breast Milk Collection Center of Pécs, Hungary, were analyzed before and after HoP. HoP decreases the level of C6:0, C8:0, C14:1n-5c, C18:1n-9c, C18:3n-6c, C18:3n-3c, and C20:4n-6c in BM, while C14:0, C16:0, C18:1n-9t, C22:0, C22:1n-9c, C24:0, C24:1n-9c, and C22:6n-3c were found in elevated concentration after HoP. We did not detect time-dependent concentration changes in FAs in the first year of lactation. BM produced for girl infants contains higher C20:2n-6c levels. In the BM of mothers who delivered via cesarean section, C12:0, C15:0, C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1n-9t, C22:1n-9c levels were higher, while C18:2n-6c, C22:0, C24:0, and C22:6n-3c concentrations were lower compared to mothers who gave birth spontaneously. FAs in BM are constant during the first year of lactation. Although HoP modifies the concentration of different FAs, pasteurized DM provides essential FAs to the developing infant. Current data providing information about the FA profile of BM gives origination to supplementation guidelines.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breastfeeding: Benefits to Infant and Mother)
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Open AccessArticle
Effects of Resistance Exercise and Essential Amino Acid Intake on Muscle Quality, Myokine, and Inflammation Factors in Young Adult Males
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Deokhwa Jeong, Kyumin Park, Jinseok Lee, Jiye Choi, Haifeng Du, Hyeongmo Jeong, Liangliang Li, Kenji Sakai and Sunghwun Kang
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1688; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111688 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Background: Recently, many studies have been devoted to discovering nutrients for exercise-like effects. Resistance exercise and the intake of essential amino acids (EAAs) are known to be factors that can affect muscle mass and strength improvement. The purpose of this study was to
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Background: Recently, many studies have been devoted to discovering nutrients for exercise-like effects. Resistance exercise and the intake of essential amino acids (EAAs) are known to be factors that can affect muscle mass and strength improvement. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in muscle quality, myokines, and inflammation in response to resistance exercise and EAA supplementation. Methods: Thirty-four males volunteered to participate in this study. They were assigned to four groups: (1) placebo (CO), (2) resistance exercise (RE), (3) EAA supplementation, and (4) RE + EAA supplementation. Body composition, muscle quality, myokines, and inflammation were measured at baseline and four weeks after treatment. Results: Lean body fat had decreased in both RE and RE + EAA groups. Lean body mass had increased in only the RE + EAA group. In all groups except for CO, irisin, myostatin A, and TNF-α levels had decreased. The grip strength of the right hand and trunk flexion peak torque increased in the RE group. The grip strength of the left hand, trunk flexion peak torque, and knee flexion peak torque of the left leg were increased in RE + EAA. Conclusions: RE, EAA, and RE + EAA could effectively improve the muscle quality, myokine, and inflammation factors of young adult males. This finding highlights the importance of resistance exercise and amino acid intake.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Supplements, Exercise Interventions, and Skeletal Muscle Health)
Open AccessArticle
Low Protein Diet Reduces Proteinuria and Decline in Glomerular Filtration Rate in Advanced, Heavy Proteinuric Diabetic Kidney Disease
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Liliana Garneata, Carmen-Antonia Mocanu, Tudor Petrisor Simionescu, Andreea Elena Mocanu, Diana Ramona Dragomir and Gabriel Mircescu
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1687; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111687 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Low protein diet (LPD) seems beneficial in ameliorating the complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), in reducing proteinuria and the decline in kidney function, thus postponing the need for kidney replacement therapy (KRT). However, this type of intervention was less investigated in diabetic
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Low protein diet (LPD) seems beneficial in ameliorating the complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), in reducing proteinuria and the decline in kidney function, thus postponing the need for kidney replacement therapy (KRT). However, this type of intervention was less investigated in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This is a single-center, prospective, interventional study that aims to assess the efficacy of reducing proteinuria and the rate of decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Patients with advanced DKD (stable proteinuria > 3 g/g and eGFR < 30 mL/min) with a good nutritional status and accepting a LPD were evaluated for inclusion. Ninety-two of the 452 screened patients (66% males, median age 61 years, proteinuria 4.8 g/g creatininuria, eGFR 11.7 mL/min/1.73 m2) completed the study. Intervention consisted of LPD supplemented with ketoanalogues of essential amino acids (KA) along with conventional nephroprotective therapy. Efficacy parameters were the variation in proteinuria and in eGFR from baseline to the end of the study. Proteinuria decreased 3-fold, and the rate of decline in eGFR decreased 5-fold in the intervention phase. No patient initiated KRT or died. LPD supplemented with KA seems effective in safely postponing KRT by reducing proteinuria and the decline in kidney function in advanced DKD.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetes: Diet and Health Conditions)
Open AccessArticle
Iodine Status of Infants and Toddlers under 2 Years of Age and Its Association with Feeding Behaviors and Maternal Iodine Status in Shanghai: A Quantile Regression Analysis
by
Wei Zhou, Jingyi Si, Xue Han, Weiwei Zheng, Xiangting Li, Changfeng Zhu and Jiajie Zang
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1686; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111686 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
It is crucial to provide adequate iodine nutrition to infants and toddlers for proper thyroid function and subsequent brain development. Infants are particularly vulnerable to iodine deficiency during the transition from a milk-based diet (breast milk and/or infant formula) to solid food. This
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It is crucial to provide adequate iodine nutrition to infants and toddlers for proper thyroid function and subsequent brain development. Infants are particularly vulnerable to iodine deficiency during the transition from a milk-based diet (breast milk and/or infant formula) to solid food. This study examines the current iodine levels of children during their first two years of life and investigates the association between these levels and feeding behaviors and the iodine status of their mothers in Shanghai, a city located in eastern China. A hospital-based cohort study was conducted to enroll mother–child pairs, where the child is aged 6–23 months, who visited community health service centers in the 16 districts of Shanghai, China. Data on socio-demographic factors and feeding behavior data were collected from the participants. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in both the young children and their mothers were analyzed. A total of 2282 mother–child pairs were included in this analysis. The median (p25–p75) UIC for lactating women, weaning women, and children were 121.3 μg/L (68.1–206.4 μg/L), 123.4 μg/L (58.4–227.2 μg/L), and 152.1 μg/L (75.8–268.3 μg/L), respectively. The UIC in children was found to be higher than that in their mothers (p < 0.001). Children who consumed less than 500 mL per day of formula milk in the last week had lower UICs compared with those who consumed 500 mL per day or more (p = 0.026). Furthermore, the children’s UIC was positively correlated with the maternal UIC (rs = 0.285, p < 0.001). Multiple quantile regression analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between maternal UIC and children’s UIC between the 0.1 and 0.9 quantiles (all p < 0.001). We found that the iodine status of infants and toddlers, as well as of mothers, was sufficient. However, a large minority of children and mothers may be at risk of iodine deficiency. Furthermore, no associations between children’s UIC and feeding behaviors were observed. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the UIC of young children and their mothers.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition in Women)
Open AccessArticle
The Effect of Therapeutic Doses of Culinary Spices in Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by
Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri, Dana Hasan Alkhatib, Jack Feehan, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Vasso Apostolopoulos and Lily Stojanovska
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1685; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111685 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) place a significant burden on global health and the healthcare systems which support it. Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for a large number of NCDs; however, treatments remain limited. Previous research has shown the protective benefits of edible
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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) place a significant burden on global health and the healthcare systems which support it. Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for a large number of NCDs; however, treatments remain limited. Previous research has shown the protective benefits of edible dietary spices on key components of metabolic syndrome. Therefore we performed a 12-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, clinical trial to evaluate the effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale), cinnamon (Cinnamomum), and black seed (Nigella sativa) consumption on blood glucose, lipid profiles, and body composition in 120 participants with, or at risk of, metabolic syndrome. Each participant consumed 3 g/day of powder (spice or placebo). Data related to different parameters were collected from participants at the baseline, midpoint, and endpoint of the intervention. Over the 12-week interventions, there was an improvement in a number of biochemical indices of metabolic syndrome, including fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, LCL, and total cholesterol associated with supplementation with the spices when compared to a placebo. This study provides evidence to support the adjunct use of supplementation for those at risk of metabolic syndrome and its sequelae.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Metabolism)
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Open AccessReview
Food Insecurity Screening in High-Income Countries, Tool Validity, and Implementation: A Scoping Review
by
Sabine Baker, Danielle Gallegos, Megan A. Rebuli, Amanda J. Taylor and Ray Mahoney
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1684; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111684 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Household food insecurity has significant negative implications across the lifespan. While routine screening is recommended, particularly in healthcare, guidelines are lacking on selection of screening tools and best-practice implementation across different contexts in non-stigmatizing ways. The objective of this scoping review was to
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Household food insecurity has significant negative implications across the lifespan. While routine screening is recommended, particularly in healthcare, guidelines are lacking on selection of screening tools and best-practice implementation across different contexts in non-stigmatizing ways. The objective of this scoping review was to synthesize evidence on household food insecurity screening tools, including psychometrics, implementation in a range of settings, and experiences of carrying out screening or being screened. Four electronic databases were searched for studies in English published from 1990 until June 2023. A total of 58 papers were included, 21 of which focused on tool development and validation, and 37 papers described implementation and perceptions of screening. Most papers were from the USA and described screening in healthcare settings. There was a lack of evidence regarding screening in settings utilized by Indigenous people. The two-item Hunger Vital Sign emerged as the most used and most valid tool across settings. While there is minimal discomfort associated with screening, screening rates in practice are still low. Barriers and facilitators of screening were identified at the setting, system, provider, and recipient level and were mapped onto the COM-B model of behavior change. This review identifies practical strategies to optimize screening and disclosure.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Public Health)
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Open AccessArticle
Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz Alleviates Symptoms in Zymosan-Induced Irritable Bowel Syndrome Mouse Model through TRPV1, NaV1.5, and NaV1.7 Channel Modulation
by
Na-Ri Choi, Woo-Gyun Choi, Jong-Hwan Lee, Joon Park, Yun-Tai Kim, Raju Das, Joo-Han Woo and Byung-Joo Kim
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1683; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111683 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
(1) Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disease in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (AMK) is known as one of the traditional medicines that shows a good efficacy in the GI tract. (2) Methods: We investigated the effect of
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(1) Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disease in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (AMK) is known as one of the traditional medicines that shows a good efficacy in the GI tract. (2) Methods: We investigated the effect of AMK in a network pharmacology and zymosan-induced IBS animal model. In addition, we performed electrophysiological experiments to confirm the regulatory mechanisms related to IBS. (3) Results: Various characteristics of AMK were investigated using TCMSP data and various analysis systems. AMK restored the macroscopic changes and weight to normal. Colonic mucosa and inflammatory factors were reduced. These effects were similar to those of amitriptyline and sulfasalazine. In addition, transient receptor potential (TRP) V1, voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) 1.5, and NaV1.7 channels were inhibited. (4) Conclusion: These results suggest that AMK may be a promising therapeutic candidate for IBS management through the regulation of ion channels.
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(This article belongs to the Section Phytochemicals and Human Health)
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Nutritional Prehabilitation in Patients Undergoing Cystectomy: A Systematic Review
by
Susy Dal Bello, Stefano Mancin, Sara Morales Palomares, Diego Lopane, Luca Di Gianfrancesco, Chiara Soligo, Tommaso Tarantino, Paolo Perdonò, Rodolfo Hurle, Bruno Bernardini, Federico Piccioni, Manuela Pastore, Alvarez Pellegrinelli, Angelo Porreca and Beatrice Mazzoleni
Nutrients 2024, 16(11), 1682; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111682 (registering DOI) - 29 May 2024
Abstract
Background/Aim: Nutrition is a key element of the prehabilitation process prior to surgery. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical pathways of nutritional prehabilitation before cystectomy. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus
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Background/Aim: Nutrition is a key element of the prehabilitation process prior to surgery. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical pathways of nutritional prehabilitation before cystectomy. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus and the Web of Science databases. Quality and risk of bias assessment was conducted adhering to the JBI framework and evidence was evaluated according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine levels of evidence. Results: Out of 586 records identified, six studies were included. Among them, only two were randomized controlled trials. Immunonutrition has been shown to improve postoperative bowel function (3.12 vs. 3.74 days; RR 0.82; CI, 0.73–0.93; p = 0.0029) and decrease postoperative complications (−36.7%; p = 0.008) and readmission rates (−15.38%; p = 0.03). Furthermore, oral nutritional supplements combined with nutritional counseling demonstrated an accelerated recovery of bowel function (−1 day; p < 0.01), a reduction in the length of hospital stay (−1.75 days; p = 0.01), an improvement in handgrip strength (+6.8%, p < 0.001), an increase in bone mass (+0.3 kg, p = 0.04), and a better BMI value (+2.3%, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Nutritional prehabilitation demonstrates potential in enhancing postoperative outcomes following radical cystectomy. Oral supplements, immunonutrition, and counseling exhibit efficacy in improving postoperative results.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Assessment for the Identification and Monitoring of Malnutrition in Patients with Chronic Diseases)
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